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Adam and Jamie explore the science behind the fabled Diet Coke and Mentos phenomenon. | For more, visit http://dsc.discovery.com/tv-shows/mythbusters/#mkcpgn=ytdsc1Connect with us on Facebook: http://facebook.com/MythBusters
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And speed of sun light is infinity.
Look at the scale below. Correct me if i m wrong.
1000 km= 1 cm .
10000km=10 cm.
13000km=13 cm.
15000km=15 cm.
100000km=100 cm (1meter).
200000km=200 cm (2meter).
696000km=696 cm (6.96 meter).
1000000km=1000 cm (10 meter).
10000000km (1 CR)=10000cm (100 meter).
100000000km (10cr)=100000cm (1km)
150000000km(15 cr)=150000cm(1.5 km)
The fizzing IS nucleation but the REASON it is happening is because the CO2 is supersaturated in the soda when opened. That is, there's more CO2 dissolved into the liquid than the liquid can hold at the lower pressure. This is WHY the CO2 is releasing. The Mentos cause this to happen far more rapidly both because of the pits and the bubbles being introduced into the liquid when dropped in. It's not just the shape of the Mentos, but that the pits hold little pockets of air going in. When the Mentos enters the liquid the CO2, which is already nucleating, enters those bubbles in the pits of the Mentos. So the bubbles get filled with (more) CO2 and rise up out of the pits, but at the same time even more CO2 is using those pits to form new bubbles and rise so you get a rapid chain reaction.
CO2 can form bubbles on its own inside the liquid. This is called homogeneous nucleation. But it's even easier to form bubbles on surfaces that allow the bubble to form, like crevasses. This is called heterogeneous nucleation. Because heterogeneous nucleation makes it easier for bubbles to form, it's said to lower the "activation energy" needed to form bubbles.
The lower the activation energy, the less it takes for bubbles to form. So nucleation occurs faster with lower activation energy.
So to put this all together: when you open a bottle of soda it begins nucleation. The CO2 is supersaturated and begins to form bubbles. Forming bubbles in the liquid (homogeneous nucleation) has a higher activation energy so it's slow. Takes hours. Meanwhile you'll see more bubbles forming on the side of the bottle (heterogeneous nucleation), because that surface lowers the activation energy and thus more bubbles.
Mentos have millions of pits so it's adding hundreds of thousands of times more places for heterogeneous nucleation in addition to all the air bubbles the Mentos carry down trapped in those pits which can instantly absorb CO2 rather than having to wait. This causes an immediate chain reaction with very low activation energy.
Attempt at comparison:
Like if CO2 were people trying to leave a concert, and the liquid was the concert. The normal way out is taking cars or buses. Dropping in a Mentos is like if thousands of vacuum tubes instantly appeared around the entire concert venue for people to get in and be sucked away. The bubbles trapped in the pits would be like gusts of wind that blow people immediately into the tubes rather than waiting for them to get in on their own and they get sucked away like Futurama, thousands of people in seconds rather than waiting hours for car and bus traffic to clear.